Name Info

John Calvin DEATON 1794-1858
Fathers:JOSEPH,THOMAS,THOMAS,WILLIAM,WILLIAM\ROBERT,HENRY,RICHARD,THOMAS

John may not have had a middle name. The name "Calvin" was added to the tombstone in the 1970's by an unknown man from Missouri.

Search.........Person
PAF-ID.........09112486
Gender.........male
Status.........deceased
Age............64y 0m 0d
Last-Marital...widowed
Fam-Group......DEATON
Fam-ID.........DEATON
Citizenship....US born

#Marriages.....2
#Divorces......0
#Sources.......3
#Events........1
#Images:.......0
#Comments......2
#Siblings......12
#Children......16

Person-Type....A
Immigrant?.....no
Immig-Known?...no
Parent?........father
Spouse?........husband
Sibling?.......brother
Child?.........son
Twin...........no
Adopted?.......

Title(s).......
Ancestor.......
RelatedToMe....
Gen-#..........
Ahn-#..........
Religion.......
PoliticParty...Democrat
Ht/Wt/Eye/Hair.71,170
Burial.........Deaton Cemetery

Parents and Siblings
  1. Parent: JOSEPH DEATON Sr., male, born:1755 Amelia county, Virginia, died:1832 (77y 0m 0d) ?Montgomery county, North Carolina, Anc:1, Dad:THOMAS ELIJAH DEATON Jr., Mom:MARY GIBBS, #M:1, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:3
  2. Parent: CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, female, born:1765 ?Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1850-1855 (85y 0m 0d) ?Montgomery county, North Carolina, Anc:1, Dad:FRANCIS SPEIGHT JORDAN, Mom:ISABELLA SPRINKLE, #M:1, #SrcDocs:4
  3. Sibling: Elizabeth DEATON, female, born:1785 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1806-1875 (21y 0m 0d) , Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #SrcDocs:2
  4. Sibling: ELIAS DEATON, male, born:1786 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1870 (84y 0m 0d) Decatur county, Tennessee, Anc:1, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:11
  5. Sibling: James DEATON, male, born:1787 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1787-1877 (0y 0m 0d) Montgomery county, North Carolina, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #SrcDocs:2
  6. Sibling: Basel\Basil DEATON, male, born:1788 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1830-1878 (42y 0m 0d) McNairy county, Tennessee, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:3
  7. Sibling: Adam DEATON, male, born:1791 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1791-1881 (0y 0m 0d) , Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #SrcDocs:2
  8. Sibling: Joseph DEATON Jr., male, born:1796 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1880-1886 (84y 0m 0d) Montgomery county, North Carolina, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #SrcDocs:3
  9. Sibling: Catherine DEATON, female, born:1797 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1817-1887 (20y 0m 0d) , Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #SrcDocs:2
  10. Sibling: Isabelle DEATON, female, born:1800 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1820-1890 (20y 0m 0d) , Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #SrcDocs:2
  11. Sibling: Francis JORDAN DEATON, male, born:1801-04-27 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1876-08-03 (75y 3m 7d) Allreds, Montgomery county, North Carolina, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:3
  12. Sibling: William DEATON, male, born:1802 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1880-1892 (78y 0m 0d) McNairy county, Tennessee, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:2, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:4
  13. Sibling: Reuben JORDAN DEATON, male, born:1805 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1861 (56y 0m 0d) Alton, Oregon county, Missouri, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #SrcDocs:2
  14. Sibling: Dison\Dyson DEATON, male, born:1806-05-06 Troy, Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1895-04-22 (88y 11m 16d) Troy, Montgomery county, North Carolina, Dad:JOSEPH DEATON Sr., Mom:CATHERINE ELIZABETH JORDAN, #M:1, #SrcDocs:3

Spouse(s) and Children
  1. Marriage: 1815 Montgomery county, North Carolina
  2. Spouse: Catherine Stewart, female, born:1800 , died:1844 (44y 0m 0d) ?Rains county, Texas, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:4
  3. ..Child: Branson DEATON, male, born:1817 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1860-1907 (43y 0m 0d) Illinois, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:3
  4. ..Child: Prety DEATON, female, born:1818 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1841-1908 (23y 0m 0d) , Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  5. ..Child: Hiram Hightower DEATON, male, born:1819 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1881 (62y 0m 0d) Rains county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:4
  6. ..Child: Dana DEATON, female, born:1820 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1841-1910 (21y 0m 0d) , Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  7. ..Child: Barbara DEATON, female, born:1821 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1843-1911 (22y 0m 0d) Hopkins county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  8. ..Child: Esther DEATON, female, born:1823 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1849-1913 (26y 0m 0d) Hopkins county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  9. ..Child: Thomas DEATON, male, born:1827 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1880-1917 (53y 0m 0d) Hopkins county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:4
  10. ..Child: Delilah DEATON, female, born:1827 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1847-1917 (20y 0m 0d) Hopkins county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  11. ..Child: Elizabeth DEATON, female, born:1829 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1849-1919 (20y 0m 0d) ?Tennessee, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  12. ..Child: Rachel DEATON, female, born:1829 Montgomery county, North Carolina, died:1849-1919 (20y 0m 0d) Hopkins county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  13. ..Child: Martha DEATON, female, born:1831 Tennessee, died:1881-02-06 (50y 1m 5d) Falls county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  14. ..Child: Elias L. DEATON, male, born:1833-08-04 McNairy county, Tennessee, died:1899-08-18 (66y 0m 14d) ?Carlton, Hamil county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #Cmnts:1, #SrcDocs:4
  15. ..Child: John Calvin DEATON Jr., male, born:1836-03-16 McNairy county, Tennessee, died:1912-07-18 (76y 4m 2d) Palo Pinto county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:4
  16. ..Child: Sarah\Nancy C. DEATON, female, born:1838 McNairy county, Tennessee, died:1858-1928 (20y 0m 0d) Hopkins county, Texas, Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Catherine Stewart, #SrcDocs:2
  17. Marriage: 1846-07-06 Nacogdoches county, Texas
  18. Spouse: Nancy Sarah Reily, female, born:1805 Illinois, died:1825-1895 (20y 0m 0d) , #SrcDocs:3
  19. ..Child: Sylvester DEATON, male, born:1839 Texas, died:1839-1929 (0y 0m 0d) , Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Nancy Sarah Reily, #SrcDocs:1
  20. ..Child: Victory DEATON, female, born:1841 Texas, died:1841-1931 (0y 0m 0d) , Dad:John Calvin DEATON, Mom:Nancy Sarah Reily, #SrcDocs:1

Events
Birth
: 1794 , Montgomery county North Carolina
Married
: ?1815 , Age:21y 0m 0d, Montgomery county North Carolina, Role:groom
Livedin
: 1830-1840, Age:36y 0m 0d, McNairy county Tennessee, may have been 1833 instead of 1830 Reportedly came with his brother Basel\Basil.
Livedin
: 1840-1841, Age:46y 0m 0d, Henderson county Tennessee, lived here only a short while
Livedin
: 1841-1843, Age:47y 0m 0d, Fayette, Jefferson county, Mississippi, lived here only a short while
Livedin
: 1843, Age:49y 2m 0d, Lamar county Texas, lived here for six months John and most of his family joined a wagon train for the Republic of Texas and initially settled in Lamar county before finally setting in Hopkins county. The family crossed the Red River at the mouth of Pine Creek on 03-25-1843. The party included: John and Catherine, son Hiram and his wife and a child, daughter Barbara and her husband Stephen Jennings, and the younger children Thomas, Elias, Calvin S., Delilah, Rachel, Esther, Martha and Sarah. John received 640 acres and lived there the rest of his life.
Livedin
: between 1843-09- and 1858 , Age:49y 8m 0d, Rains county Texas, lived here the rest of his life
Married
: 1846-07-06, Age:52y 6m 5d, Nacogdoches county Texas, Role:groom
Job
: ?1850 , Age:56y 0m 0d, Rains county Texas, Baptist preacher
Death
: 1858 , Age:64y 0m 0d, Hopkins county Texas
Burial
: 1858 , Age:64y 0m 0d, Rains county Texas, Deaton Cemetery
Job
: ?, Rains county Texas, Role:farmer
Membership
: ?, Democrat

Places In
Fayette, Jefferson county, Mississippi
Montgomery county, North Carolina
Henderson county, Tennessee
McNairy county, Tennessee
Hopkins county, Texas
Lamar county, Texas
Nacogdoches county, Texas
Rains county, Texas

General

In the article about John's son Elias in the 1896 book "History of Texas", it listed the children of John in a slightly different order than otherwise believed. First, the oldest child was called Philip who was said to have died in 1879 in Arkansas and left a family. The rest of the children were listed in this order: Branson, Hiram [different birth order], Prety, Dana, Barbara, Esther, Thomas [different birth order], Delilah, Elizabeth, an unnamed daughter who died as an infant or small child, Martha [different birth order], Elias and John. Not mentioned in this list, but listed as having moved with the family to Texas, was Rachel. Also not listed was Sarah who may have been the daughter who died young.


Sources
Letter from Betty Brock about the Deatons, 1988
Website www.deaton.com, Lawson Alexander Deaton
Website www.deaton.org, James Ronn Deaton

ancestors.familysearch.org:::https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/L4S5-1NS/john-calvin-deaton-1795-1858ancestors.familysearch.org:::


Historical
1794: Iran - Qajar dynasty founded in Iran after replacing the Zand dynasty
1794: Poland - Polish revolt
1794: United States, England - The Jay Treaty concluded between Great Britain and the United States which returns to the U.S. the Western outposts in the Great Lakes, and, commerce between the two countries is regulated
1795: France - The Marseillaise officially adopted as the French national anthem
1795: Georgia - Mohammad Khan Qajar razes Tbilisi to the ground
1795: United States, Spain - The Pinckney Treaty between the United States and Spain granted the Mississippi Territory to the U.S.
1795: United States - Kamehameha I of the Island of Hawaii defeats the Oahuans at the Battle of Nu uanu
1796-1804: China - The White Lotus Rebellion against the Manchu Dynasty in China
1796: Africa (western) - Mungo Park, backed by the African Association, is the first European to set eyes on the Niger River in Africa
1796: Ceylon, England, Naterlands - British ejected Dutch from Ceylon
1796: England - Edward Jenner administers the first smallpox vaccination, smallpox killed an estimated 400,000 Europeans each year during the 18th century (including five reigning monarchs)
1796: France - Battle of Montenotte, engagement in the War of the First Coalition, first victory of Napoleon Bonaparte as an army commander
1797: France - Napoleon Invades and partitions the Republic of Venice ending over a thousand years of Independence for the Serene Republic
1797: United States - John Adams is elected to succeed George Washington as President of the United States, he serves one four-year term and his son, John Quincy Adams, will serve one term as President 24 years later
1798-1800: United States, France - Quasi-War between the United States and France
1798: Ireland - The Irish Rebellion failed to overthrow British rule in Ireland
1799: France - Napoleon staged a coup d etat and became dictator of France
1799: India - Dutch East India Company is dissolved
1799: Tonga - The assassination of the 14th Tu I Kanokupolu, Tuku aho, plunges Tonga into half a century of civil war
1800: England - The Company of Surgeons are awarded their Royal Charter and became the Royal College of Surgeons of England
1800: United States - The Inception of the Second Great Awakening for the United States
1801-1815: United States, Africa north coastal countries - Barbary War between the United States and the Barbary States of North Africa
1801: England, Ireland - The Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merge to form the United Kingdom
1801: Pakistan - Ranjit Singh crowned as King of Punjab (made up of parts of India, Pakistan and Afghanistan)
1801: United States - Thomas Jefferson elected President of the United States by the United States House of Representatives, following a tie in the Electoral College
1803: Saudi Arabia - The Wahhabis of the First Saudi State capture Mecca and Medina
1803: United States, France - The United States buys out territorial claims of France in North America via the Louisiana Purchase, this begins the U.S. westward expansion to the Pacific referred to as Its Manifest Destiny which Involves annexing and conquering land from Mexico, Britain, and Native Americans
1804-1810: Nigeria - Fulani Jihad in Nigeria
1804-1815: Serbia, Turkey - Serbian revolution erupts against the Ottoman rule, Suzerainty of Serbia recognized in 1817
1804: Auastria - Austrian Empire founded by Francis I
1804: France - Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France
1804: Haiti, France - Haiti gains Independence from France and becomes the first black republic
1805-1848: Egypt - Muhammad Ali modernizes Egypt
1805: England, France, Spain - The Battle of Trafalgar eliminates the French and Spanish naval fleets and allows for British dominance of the seas, a major factor for the success of the British Empire later in the century
1806-1812: Russia, Turkey - Russo-Turkish War (eighth of ten), Russian victory
1806: Europe - Treaty of Pressburg (Bratislava, Slovakia), Holy Roman Empire is dissolved as Francis II renounces his title as Holy Roman Emperor and becomes Emperor Francis I of Austria
1807: England - Britain declares the Slave Trade Illegal
1808-1809: Russia, Finland, Sweden - Russia conquers Finland from Sweden in the Finnish War
1808-1814: Spain - Spanish guerrillas fight in the Peninsular War
1809: France - Napoleon strips the Teutonic Knights of their last holdings in Bad Mergentheim
1810: Germany - The University of Berlin is founded, among Its students and faculty are Hegel, Marx, and Bismarck, the German university reform proves to be so successful that Its model is copied around the world (see History of European research universities)
1810: Mexico - The Grito de Dolores begins the Mexican War of Independence
1810s-20s: Latin America, Spain, Portugal - Most of the Latin American colonies free themselves from the Spanish and Portuguese Empires after the Latin American wars of Independence
1812-1815: United States, England - War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom
1812: France, Russia - The French Invasion of Russia is a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars
1813-1907: England, Russia, Asia - The contest between the British Empire and Imperial Russia for control of Central Asia is referred to as the Great Game
1814-16: England, Nepal - Anglo-Nepalese War between Nepal (Gurkha Empire) and British Empire
1815: Austria - The Congress of Vienna redraws the European map, the Concert of Europe attempts to preserve this settlement, but It fails to stem the tide of liberalism and nationalism that sweeps over the continent
1815: Europe - combined armies commanded by the Duke of Wellington defeat Napoleon at Waterloo (Belgium), bringing a conclusion to the Napoleonic Wars and marks the beginning of a Pax Britannica which lasts until 1870
1816-1828: South Africa - Zulu kingdom of Shaka on the southeast coast of Africa becomes the largest kingdom in southern Africa
1816: northern hemisphere - Unusually cold conditions wreak havoc throughout the Northern Hemisphere, likely caused by the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora on Indonesia, It is the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history and the most deadly as over 70,000 people died, the volcano ash caused what is called "volcanic winter" and 1816 became known as the "Year Without a Summer" because of the effect on North American and European weather where agricultural crops failed and livestock died resulting in the worst famine of th
1817: Serbia, Turkey - Principality of Serbia becomes suzerain from the Ottoman Empire, officially Independent in 1867
1819: France - Theodore Gericault paints his masterpiece The Raft of the Medusa, and exhibits It in the French Salon of 1819 at the Louvre
1819: Singapore, England - The modern city of Singapore is established by the British East India Company
1820: Liberia - Liberia founded by the American Colonization Society for freed American slaves
1820: United States - Missouri Compromise admits Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state
1821-1830: Greece, Turkey - Greece becomes the first country to break away from the Ottoman Empire after the Greek War of Independence
1821: Mexico, Spain - Mexico gains Independence from Spain with the Treaty of Cordoba
1821: Peru, Spain - Peru declares Its Independence from Spain
1822-1823: Mexico - First Mexican Empire, as the first post-independent Mexican government, ruled by Emperor Agustin I of Mexico
1822: Brazil, Portugal - Prince Pedro of Portugal proclaimed the Brazilian Independence on September 7, on December 1, he was crowned as Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil
1823-1887: England, Burma - The British Empire annexed Burma (now also called Myanmar) after three Anglo-Burmese Wars
1825-1828: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay - The Argentina-Brazil War results in the Independence of Uruguay
1825: United States - Erie Canal opened connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
1826-1828: Russia, Iran - After the final Russo-Persian War, the Persian Empire took back territory lost to Russia from the previous war
1827: England - Death of William Blake, an English poet, painter, and printmaker who Influenced literature
1828-1829: Russia, Turkey - Russo-Turkish War (ninth of ten), Russian victory
1830: Belgium, Netherlands - The Belgian Revolution in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands led to the creation of Belgium
1830: Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador - Greater Colombia dissolved and the nations of Colombia (including modern-day Panama), Ecuador, and Venezuela took Its place
1830: France - July Revolution in France
1830: Poland, Russia - November Uprising in Poland against Russia
1830: United States - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is established on April 6, 1830
1831-33: Egypt - Egyptian-Ottoman War
1831: France, Algeria - France Invades and occupies Algeria
1833-1876: Spain - Carlist Wars in Spain
1833: England - Slavery Abolition Act bans slavery throughout the British Empire
1834-1859: Russia - Rebellion led by Imam Shamil in Russian-occupied Caucasus
1834: Germany - The German Customs Union is formed
1834: Spain - Spanish Inquisition officially ends
1835-1836: United States, Mexico - The Texas Revolution in Mexico resulted in the short-lived Republic of Texas
1836: United States, Mexico - The Battle of the Alamo
1837-1838: Canada - Rebellions of 1837 in Canada
1837-1901: England - Reign of Queen Victoria is considered the apex of the British Empire and is referred to as the Victorian era
1838-1840: Central America - Civil war in the Federal Republic of Central America led to the foundings of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica
1839-1851: Uruguay - Uruguayan Civil War
1839-1860: France, England, United States, Russia, China - After two Opium Wars, France, the United Kingdom, the United States and Russia gained many concessions from China resulting in the decline of the Qing Dynasty
1840: New Zealand, England - New Zealand is founded, as the Treaty of Waitangi is signed by the Ma-ori and British
1844: Haiti - Dominican War of Independence from Haiti
1844: Iran - Persian Prophet the Bab announces his revelation on May 23, founding Babism, he announced to the world of the coming of "He whom God shall make manifest", he is considered the forerunner of Baha u llah, the founder of the Baha I Faith
1844: United States - First publicly funded telegraph line in the world, It is between Baltimore and Washington and sends demonstration message on May 24, ushering in the age of the telegraph, this message read "What hath God wrought?" (Bible, Numbers 23:23)
1844: United States - Millerite (followers of the teachings of William Miller) movement awaits the Second Advent of Jesus Christ on October 22, the non-appearance of Christ becomes known as the Great Disappointment
1845-1846: Pakistan - First Anglo-Sikh War in Punjab (Pakistan) between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company
1845-1849: Ireland - The Irish Potato Famine led to the Irish diaspora
1845-1872: New Zealand - The New Zealand Land Wars
1845: Tonga - Unification of the Kingdom of Tonga under Ta-ufa?a-hau (King George Tupou I)
1846-1847: United States - Mormon migration to Utah
1846-1848: United States, Mexico - The Mexican-American War leads to cession by Mexico of much of the modern-day Southwestern United States
1847-1901: Mexico - The Caste War of Yucatan
1848-1849: Pakistan - Second Anglo-Sikh War in Punjab (Pakistan) between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company, this war basically ends the Sikh Empire
1848-1858: United States - California Gold Rush
1848: Europe - Revolutions of 1848 in Europe as some type of revolution occurred in most all European countries (except England and the Netherlands), the revolutions were quickly put down as they were mostly unorganized peasants
1848: Russia - The Communist Manifesto published
1848: United States - Seneca Falls Convention is the first rights for women convention in the United States and leads to the battle for suffrage and legal rights for women
1850: Europe - The Little Ice Age ends around this time
1851-1852: South America - The Platine War (also known as the War against Oribe and Rosas) fought between the Argentine Confederation and an alliance consisting of the Empire of Brazil, Uruguay and the Argentine provinces of Entre Rios and Corrientes, the war was part of a long-running contest between Argentina and Brazil for Influence over Uruguay and Paraguay, and hegemony over the regions bordering the Rio de la Plata (River Plate), the conflict took place in Uruguay, on the Rio de la Plata and in the northeast of Argen
1851-1864: China - The Taiping Rebellion in China is the bloodiest conflict of the century
1851-60s: Australia - Victorian gold rush in Australia
1851: England - The Great Exhibition in London was the first International Expo or Worlds Fair
1853-1856: Ukraine, France, England, Turkey, Russia - Crimean War between France, the United Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire and Russia
1854: Japan - The Convention of Kanagawa formally ends policy of Isolation by Japan
1855: England - Henry Bessemer Invents a process that enables steel to be mass produced from molten pig Iron
1856: Romania - First oil refinery in Romania
1857-1858: India - Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also known as First War of Independence for India, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Revolt of 1857, the Uprising of 1857, the Sepoy Rebellion and the Sepoy Mutiny), It began as a mutiny of native soldiers (sepoys) employed by the British East India Company's army